Carbureter



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS BEMIS, OF NDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

CARBURETEB.

Application led .Tuly 23,

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THowAs BEMIS, a citizen of the llnited States, and a resident of Indianapolis, county of Marion, and State of Indiana, have invented a certain new and useful Carbureter; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear` and exact description thereof', reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters refer to like parts.

My invention relates to carbureters foi use in connection with internal combustion engines.

- My object is to provide a device of this class whereby a constant supply of fuel within the float or fuel chamber of the carbureter will be maintained regardless of the location of the main supply tank, or whether the machine carrying the carbureter and tank is running on a level or inclined surface. l

A further object is to provide means for keeping a supply of fuel in the feed line without permitting the same to return to the main supply tank from a given point and to feed the float or fuel chamber by gravity from said given point.

A further object is to provide means for producing a suction whereby the fuel from the main supply tank will be brought to a position to automatically operate a shut off valve or trap. thus closing the suction opening and preventing the escape of the fuel through the suction opening.

Tile full nature of the invention will be understood from `the accompanying drawings and the following description and` claims:

Figure 1 is a detail side elevation of a portion of an engine showing my improved car bureter attached thereto, said carbureter being partly in section and partly broken away. Fig. is a top plan view of the carbureter and the intake manifold cooperating therewith. Fig. 3 is a detailed sectional view of the upper portion of theA carlnireter showing a modified form of valve or trap for closing the suction opening.`

In the accompanying drawings the form of carbureter and intake manifold shown are designed primarily for use in connection with Ford engines ofthe four cylinder type but it will be clearly understood that said parts may be altered and constructed as desired and also used in connection with any Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. '13, 1921.

1917. serial No. 182,259.

make of engine without departing from the scope of my invention. l

I further desire it understood that the in take manifold or vaporizing chamber and the carbureter are not made in proper proportion, the parts of both being exaggerated to obtain a proper showing of the same.

Referring to the drawing. 1 indicates the engine to which are attached thimbles 2 and also the thimbles 2 through the intake manifold which are adapted to convey the exhaust product from the cylinders into the exhaust manifold, (not shown).

Surrounding the thimbles 2' is an intake manifold 3 the interior of which forms al 'aporizing chamber. said manifold having ports 4 at its opposite ends through which the contents of the vaporizing chamber pass irto the cylinders. Connected to the central portion of the manifold 3 is a neck 5 to which is attached one end of a tubular section (3, which tubular section communicates at its opposite end with the interior of the earbnreter proper 7 and through which the contents of the carbureter pass into the vaporizing chamber. said tubular section forming a part of what will be known hereinafter as the mixture passage way of the carbureter.

The interior of the carbureter 7 is provided with a partition wall El which divides the carbureter into a fuel chamber 9 and an air passage way 10. the chamber 9 having any suitable form of float 11 suspended therein which will arise in said chamber as the liquid fuel is discharged into the chamber,

the float 11 being suspended from an arm 1Q pivoted at one end within the fuel chamber through the medium of a rod 13 attached to the opposite end of the arm. The fuel is conveyed from any suitable form of supply tank (not shown) through the medium of supply pipes or conveying means 14 and 15, the pipe 14, extending from a valve structure 1G, preferably attached at any suitable point upon the dash 17 of the car` to the supply tank while the pipe '15 extends from said valve structure into a fuel supply chamber 1S preferably mounted upon the upper end of the carbureter. The fuel supply chairber is separated from the fuel chamber by a partition wall 1!) through which extends a port 20 so that the fuel will feed from the fuel supply chamber into the fuel chamber. This port 20 is closed by a flexible valve 20 so arranged that when trap 28 is closedthe fuel will open valve 20 and when trap 28 is opened the suction created within the fuel supply chamber will close Valve 20.

The valve structure 16 may be of the usual or any preferred form and consists of a housing 21 having a vertical bore 22 in which is positioned a slidable sleeve 23 communicating at one end with the pipe 14 while the opposite end of the sleeve has secured thereto a valve 24 and the whole adapted to be raised by suction, said sleeve also carrying a needle valve 25 adapted to close a small vent 26 in the upper wall of the valve structure when the sleeve 23 with its valve 24 is lifted. The upper end of the sleeve just below the valve has openings 24. When the sleeve is raised the fuel from pipe 14 will be drawn into pipe 15.

The pipe 15 is connected with the valve structure 16 at a point above the valve 24: so that any suction created in the pipe 15 will be strong enough to elevate the sleeve 23 with its valve 24 sutliciently high to close vent 26 and draw the fuel from the supply tank through the valve structure and into the fuel supply chamber. In order to create a suction through the pipes 14 and 15 to draw the fuel from the supply tank at whatever point the tank may be situated. or at whatever elevation the supply tank and carbureter may be to each other, a pipe 27 is extended from the upper wall of the fuel supply chamber 18 preferably to the upper wall of the intake manifold 3, whereby when the engine is started the suction created in the cylinders will` remove the air from the carbureter and fuel supply chamber and draw the fuel from the supply tank into the fuel supply chamber. To prevent the fuel from being drawn through the suction pipe 27 into the vaporizing chamber of the intake manifold a. trap or valve 28 is pivotally mounted within the fuel supply chamber 18 and in such position as to close the opening 29 into the pipe 27 when the trap is swung to closed position, thereby completely stopping the suction action through said pipe and at the same time preventing any of the fuel from entering said suction pipe. The,

y trap 28 is automatically operated by the fuel as it descends through the pipe 15 by attaching a pan or bucket 30 to the under face of the trap 28, said pan being extended outwardly and downwardly at an angle from the underface of the trap so that when the trap is in open position the pan will be directly below the lower end ofv the pipe 15, the fuel, when leaving the pipe 15 entering directly into the pan, the weight of the fuel within the pan causing the trap 28 to swing Aupwardly and close the opening 29 of the suction pipe 27. the suction in pipe 27 holding the trap in closed position.

The object in providing the valve structure 16 and in positioning the same at the highest point available on the vehicle is to provide a space or reservoir composed of the pipe 15 and that portion of the valve housing above the valve 21whcreby a quantity of the fuel will gradually feed into the fuel supply chamber 18 and from thence into the fuel chamber 9 said pipe 15 and housing 21 being preferably of such size as to hold enough of the fuel to fill the fuel chamber 9 several times. The trap 28 is preferably opened by means of a spring arm 31 attached to the arm 12, the upper end of the spring arm 31 having a hook 32 which extends over one edge of the trap when the float 11 is at its highest elevation. the trap 28 having a curved lip 33 for guiding the. hook 32 over theedge of the trap and it will be readily seen that as the float descends` the spring arm 31 will be lowered to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 1 and trap 28 opened.

In Fig. 3 of the drawings I have shown a different form of trap 34, in that. instead of attaching a pan thereto, the' trap is provided with a platform 35, which` when the trap 34 is open, extends into a sleeve 36 provided at the open end of the pipe 15, so that the fuel from the pipe will descend directly on the platform, the weight of the fuel swinging the trap 31 to closed position.

The fuel from the fuel chamber 9 passes into the air passage way 1() through a port 3T, which port is preferably surrounded by a boss 38 forming a seat for a needle valve 39 which valve is adapted to control the amount of fuel passing into said air passage way.

In order to properly mix the fuel with air before passing into the intake manifold 3. the air passage way is restricted at 40. this causes the air to pass therethrough with greater velocity as it comes into direct contact with the fuel as same leaves the port 3T.

The needle valve is slidably mounted through the closed end of a thimble 4l. which thimble is slidably mounted upon the inner end of a hollow stem 42. said stem extending upwardly through the wall of the tubular section 6 and having a portion of its exterior face provided with threads for engagement with threads in the wall of the tubular section 6. the upper end of the hollow stem having a hand wheel 43 by means of which the stem may be readily rotated for adjusting the. same within the tubular scction.

The valve 39 is unseated from the port 37 by attaching a float plate 48 to the thimble 41 at a point preferably adjacent the closed end of the thimble, so that when the pistons of the motor are operated, air will be drawn through the opening 40, the pressure of which will be sufficient to cause the float plate 48 to elevate the thimble and the needle valve 39 carried thereby, thus permitting the fuel to enter the air passageway and become mixed with the air passing through the opening 40. The upward movement of the thimble 41 is primarily controlled through the medium of a spring 49 surrounding the thimble 41 between the float plate 48 and adjusting plate 50 surrounding the stem 42 within the tubular section 6, the plate 50 being adjusted on said stem 42 to increase or 'decrease the tension of the spring 49 through the medium of a set screw 51 which is threaded through the wall of the tubular section 6 in such position as to direct downward pressure on the adjusting plate. In addition to operating the needle valve b the action of the air on the floatplate said valve may be unseated to permit fuel to pass into the tubular section while the engine is idle through the medium of a rod 52 or other suitable means whereby the valve needle may be manually elevated.

In operation when it is desired toy start the engine, the needle valve 39 is manually operated to open the same by lifting on the rod 52 therebypermitting a supply of fuel to pass from the fuel chamber into the air passage Way from where it is drawn through the intake manifold into the cylinders and, as soon as `the engine 'has started, the suction created in the manifold and air passageway will raise the needle valve 89 its prescribed height because of the velocity of the air drawn through the air passage way 10 through its restricted opening 40, the air and fuel being thoroughly `commingled on its passage into the intake manifold and, in view of the fact that one of the thimbles 2 extends transversely through the air passage 10 and certain others of the thimbles extend transversely through the intake manifold, the fuel will be thoroughly heatd and vaporized before entering the cyliners.

As the operation of the pistons in the cyl.- inders of the engine withdraws the air from the fuel chamber, a suction is set up in the .fuel supply chamber which results in creating a suction through the pipe 15 and valve structure 16, thus raising sleeve 23 with its valve 24 and drawing fuel from the fuel tank through pipe 14 and opening 24 into the fuel supply chamber. As soon as the fuel enters the bucket 30 in any quantity,

the trap` 28 will be disposed over the end of the suction pipe 27, thus stopping furtherpsuction through said pipe and coincident to this operation the valve 24 will immediately reseat itself in the structure 16, thus preventing the return of the fuel into the supply tank, and at the same time the needle valve 25 descends from the vent 26, the air thus admitted through said vent permitting the fuel to slowly flow from the pipe 15 and housing 21 into the fuel supply chamber.

The quantity of fuel contained within the pipe 15 being preferably sufficient to lill the fuel chamber 9 several times, the float 11 will rise to the upper end of the oat chamber as the fuel descends into and fills the fuel chamber, thereby causing the spring arm 31 to pass into position for engagement with the trap 28, and when the float again descends, it reopens the trap 28, again starting the suction action through the pipes 14 and 15.

As soon as the engine is started, the passage of the air through the opening 40 and below the float plate 48, will cause the needle valve 39 to ascend the proper distance to `admit a sufficient supply of fuel to drive the engine at the predetermined speed. As the engine slows down, fuel will be saved as the valve 39 will descend either by gravity or the tension directed thereagainst by the spring 49 until the engine is stopped, thus shutting off the supply of fuel until such time as the engine is again started. This automatic return of the needle valve to its seat and shutting off the supply of fuel does away with the'usual overflow pipe common to most carbureters.

The term mixing chamber isusually un.- derstood to be that part of the carbureter where the fuel comes into contact with the air passing therethrough. I wish this mixing chamber to be understood as part of my air passage way and that my air passage way be construed as a passageway from the point of ingress of air to the point where it and the fuel enters the engine cylinders, so the use of the term in the air passage way in the claims will be fully understood.

I-further wish it understood that the use of the term in the air passage way as it relates to the supplying of fuel to the fuel chamber refers to all the fuel passages extending from the vent in the valve structure 16, to the intake manifold, including the structure 16,n fuel pipe 15, fuel supply chamber 18 and suction pipe 27.

In F ig. 2 is shown a side plate 51 made necessary for closing the opening provided for inserting the needle valve parts.

The invention claimed is:

1. A carbureter having a float chamber therein, a float suspended in said chamber, a fuel supply chamber in communication with said float chamber, means for connecting said supply chamber with a supply of fuel, means to produce a suction in said supply chamber for drawing fuel therein, a trap for stopping the suction action in said supply chamber, means extending into the path of the fuel entering 4said supply chamber for moving said trap into closed position, and means operated by said float for moving the trap into open position.

2. The combination with a carbureter having a fuel chamber and means for supplying fuel to said chamber, of an air passage way for drawing fuel into the fuel chamber by the air suction therethrough, means for connecting said air passageway with the fuel chamber, means for closing the connection between said air passageway and the fuel chamber, means for automatically closing said passage and stopping the suction therethrough adapted to be actuated by the incoming fuel, and further means for reopening the suction closing means when an additional fuel supply is needed.

3. The combination with a carburetei having a fuel chamber and means for supplying fuel to said chamber, of an air passageway for drawing fuel into the fuel chamber by the air suction therethrough, means for connecting said air passageway with the fuel chamber, means for closing the connection between said air passageway and the fuel chamber, means for automatically closing said passage and stopping the suction therethrough adapted to be actuated by the incoming fuel, afloat in said fuel chamber, and means actuated by said float for reopening the suction closing means when additional fuel is needed.

4. A carbureter construction, including a carbureter proper having a fuel supply chamber, an intake manifold, means to connect the intake manifold with the fuel supply chamber whereby a vacuum will becreated in the fuel supply chamberby the action of the manifold, a fuel supply tank, means between the fuel supply tank and fuel supply chamber for storing a quantity of fuel, said fuel being deposited therein by the vacuum created in the fuel supply chamber, means to prevent the return of the fuel to the supply tank, and means to admit air into the fuel storage means whereby the fuel will descend by gravity into the fuel supply chamber.

Laaopta 5. In a carbureter construction, a carbure'ter proper and a fuel supply chamber in connection therewith, an intake manifold, fuel supply pipes extending from a source of supply to the fuel supply chamber, parts of said pipe being positioned in a plane above said chamber, means intersecting the supply pipes for preventing the return of the fuel to the source of supply and means for utilizing the vacuum created by the intake manifold for drawing a quantity of fuel into the supply pipes.

6. The combination with a carbureter and an intake manifold, of a fuel supply pipe communicating with and extending a distance-v above said carbureter, means connecting the intake with the supply pipe for creating a vacuum therein and drawing a supply of fuel into said elevated portion of the supply pipe, a valve structure iiitersecting the elevated portion of the supply pipe, a valve in said valve structure for preventing the return of the fuel to its source of supply and means controlled by the movement of said valve for controlling the gravity feed of the fuel from said supply ipe.

p 7. The combination with a carburetor and an intake manifold, of a fuel supply pipe communicating with and extending a distance above said carbureter, means connecting'the intake with the supply pipe for creating a vacuum therein and drawing a supply of fuel into said elevated portion of the supply pipe, a valve structure intersecting the supply pipe, said valve structure having a vent therein, a valve in said valve structure for preventing the return of the fuel to its source of supply, and a needle valve carried by said first valve for closing said vent when the first valve is raised and to open the vent when said first valve is lowered.

In witness whereof I have hereunto affixed in si ature.

y gn THOMAS BEMS. 

